Related Topics: Homeland Security Research

Homeland Security Research Products in the Science Inventory

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  • Keyword = ’homeland security’ AND contaminant AND fate NOT (presentation OR poster).
Records 1 to 23 of 23

2023
Impact of model structure on radionuclide transport in urban stormwater
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2023]
This paper compared simulation results from different model constructions of a Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) after radiological contamination from a hypothetical dirty bomb scenario. The model constructions included a utility-provided combined sewer stormwater model, a high...
Using SWMM for Emergency Response Planning: A Case Study Evaluating Biological Agent Transport under Various Rainfall Scenarios and Urban Surfaces
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 15, 2023]
To assist in emergency preparedness for a biological agent terrorist attack or accidental pathogen release, potential contaminant levels and migration pathways of spores spread by urban stormwater were evaluated using a Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) of U.S. Coast Guard Base ...
2022
July 27, 2022 Radiological Stormwater Modeling Workshop: Modeling Checklist, Workshop Notes & Materials
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jul 27, 2022]
The spread of radiological contamination from rainfall events is well documented from both the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear disasters. However, the inclusion of stormwater modeling into local, state, and federal response planning and response is limited. The goal and purpose o...
Modeling radionuclide transport in urban overland flow: A case study
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 26, 2022]
This paper presents the process used to develop an overland flow model of radionuclide transport following an aerosol deposition from a hypothetical radiological dispersal device explosion. The process included the integration of digital elevation, building, and land cover inform...
2021
AnCOR Task 2.1 Phase I Modeling Report: Fate and Transport of Spores on Outdoor Surfaces
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jun 25, 2021]
This report focused on researching United States Coast Guard (USCG) stormwater systems to summarize differences in meteorological/terrain features and operations of USCG assets by location. This information was used to develop a modeling framework that identified which hydrodynam...
Persistence of Biological and Radiological Contaminants on Wastewater Collection System Infrastructure
(SUMMARY) [Published : May 26, 2021]
This tech brief will summaize the available information on the persistence of biological and radiological agents on wastewater (collection system) infrastructure and decontamination information (if available). It will also summarize data on the fate of radionulcides in wastewater...
Predicting wildfire particulate matter and hypothetical re-emission of radiological Cs-137 contamination incidents
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 15, 2021]
Radiological release incidents can potentially contaminate wide areas with radiological materials and decontamination efforts are typically focused on populated areas leaving radionuclides in forested areas for long periods of time. Large wildfires in contaminated forested areas ...
The effect of mixing and free-floating carrier media on bioaerosol release from wastewater: a multiscale investigation with Bacillus globigii
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2021]
Aeration tanks in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant sources of bioaerosols, which contain microbial contaminants and can travel miles from the site of origin, risking the health of operators and the general public. One potential mitigation strategy is to apply f...
2020
Characterizing cesium sorption in freshwater settings using fluvial sediments and characteristic water chemistries
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2020]
Cesium-137 (Cs-137) is a persistent contaminant that poses a significant risk to human health and the environment. Understanding the fate and transport of Cs-137 following a contamination incident is necessary for effective containment and remediation. In this study, we performed...
Laboratory results and mathematical modeling of spore surface interactions in storm water runoff
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 17, 2020]
Development of numerical models to predict stormwater-mediated transport of pathogenic spores in the environment depends on an understanding of adhesion forces that dictate detachment after rain events. Zeta potential values were measured for Bacillus globgii and Bacillus thuring...
2018
Development of Laboratory Equipment and protocols for the Assessment of Rain, Water Wash-Down, and Channelized Flow for Removal of Spores on Urban Surfaces
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Nov 07, 2018]
A large-scale outdoor biological disaster requires a better understanding of how rainfall and water-based decontamination measures would transport contaminants. Over the last few years, the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Homeland Security Research Program...
Summary of the Transport of Cesium in the Environment
(SUMMARY) [Published : Oct 02, 2018]
Cesium (Cs) is a likely contaminant that would either be used (probably in the form of Cesium Chloride [CsCl]) in a radiological dispersal device (RDD), or either released or generated through decay processes from nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents or an improvised nuclear devic...
2015
Biological Contaminant Fate and Transport In an Urban Environment
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 18, 2015]
Literature Review Report
2011
2010
Impact of Plastics on Fate and Transport of Organic Contaminants in Landfills
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 16, 2010]
Journal Article
2003
AN EXACT METHOD FOR RELATING ZWITTERIONIC MICROSCOPIC TO MACROSCOPIC ACIDITY CONSTANTS
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 15, 2003]
Zwitterions are aqueous solvated molecules simultaneously possessing one negatively and one positively charged site. Although electroneutral, the environmental interaction of zwitterions with other ionic species is likely to differ significantly from the behavior of comparable e...
CHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MODELING IN ECOSYSTEMS
[Published : Sep 30, 2003]
Trends in regulatory strategies require EPA to understand better chemical behavior in natural and impacted ecosystems and in biological systems to carry out the increasingly complex array of exposure and risk assessments needed to develop scientifically defensible regulations (GP...
QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR CHEMICAL REDUCTIONS OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 15, 2003]
Sufficient kinetic data on abiotic reduction reactions involving organic contaminants are now available that quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for these reactions can be developed. Over 50 QSARs have been reported, most in just the last few years, and they ar...
2002
MERCURY IN THE ENVIRONMENT
[Published : Sep 30, 2002]
Mercury is released from a variety of sources and exhibits a complicated chemistry. According to the Mercury Study Report to Congress, mercury fluxes and budgets in water, soil, and other media have increased by a factor of two to five over pre-industrial levels. The primary expo...
METHODS DEVELOPMENT AT THE NEAR LAB ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH AREA (NLERA) LOCATED IN THE NEUSE RIVER BASIN.
[Published : Dec 01, 2002]
This task supports the Agency's efforts on developing a proper risk assessment tools to address Ecological and eventually Human exposures. The Agency needs to be able to identify, measure and estimate ecosystem exposure to multiple stressors. The research under this task suppor...